تیوپنتال سدیم اعتراف گیری

پیشنهاد کاربران

تیوپنتال سدیم ( به انگلیسی: Thiopental )
رده درمانی: داروی هوشبری ، باربیتورات
اشکال دارویی: آمپول
موارد مصرف
مصرف این دارو در بیهوشی عمومی برای اعمال جراحی کوتاه مدت و درمان تشنجهای بعد از بیهوشی است هرچند در اعتراف گیری نیز کار گیرند.
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مکانیسم اثر
یک باربیتورات سریع الاثر با طول اثر کوتاه است. باربیتوراتها بر گیرنده گابا در سیستم عصبی مرکزی موثرند. با اتصال به گیرنده GABAA و افزایش فعالیت گابا بر گیرنده ها همانند بنزودیازپینها موجب تسهیل ورود یون کلر میشوند.
عوارض جانبی
افت فشار خون ، ضعف عضله قلبی ( دپرسیون میوکارد ) ، آریتمی قلبی، اسپاسم عروقی و ایست تنفسی. در پورفیری منع مصرف دارد.
جستارهای وابسته
فنوباربیتال
منابع [
↑ Russo H, Brès J, Duboin MP, Roquefeuil B ( 1995 ) . "Pharmacokinetics of thiopental after single and multiple intravenous doses in critical care patients". Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 49 ( 1–2 ) : 127–37. doi:10. 1007/BF00192371. PMID 8751034.
↑ Morgan DJ, Blackman GL, Paull JD, Wolf LJ ( June 1981 ) . "Pharmacokinetics and plasma binding of thiopental. II: Studies at cesarean section". Anesthesiology 54 ( 6 ) : 474–80. doi:10. 1097/00000542 - 198106000 - 00006. PMID 7235275.
فرهنگ داروهای ژنریک ایران، دکتر حشمتی ، ۱۳۸۷
رده های صفحه: Articles with changed FDA identifierDrugboxes which contain changes to verified fieldsداروهای بیهوشی
از ویکی پدیا
همچنین:
Sodium thiopental, better known as Sodium Pentothal ( a trademark of Abbott Laboratories ) , thiopental, thiopentone sodium, or Trapanal ( also a trademark ) , is a rapid - onset short - acting barbiturate general anaesthetic. Thiopental is a core medicine in the World Health Organization's "Essential Drugs List", which is a list of minimum medical needs for a basic healthcare system. [3] It is also usually the first of three drugs administered during most lethal injections in the United States.
Contents [show]
[edit]Barbiturates
Main article: Barbiturate
Barbiturates are a class of drugs that act on the GABAA receptor in the brain and spinal cord. The GABAA receptor is an inhibitory channel that decreases neuronal activity, and barbiturates enhance the inhibitory action of the GABAA receptor. Barbiturates, benzodiazepines, and alcohol all bind to the GABAA receptor. Barbiturates that act on the barbiturate binding site of the GABAA receptor directly gate the chloride ion channel of the GABAA receptor, whereas benzodiazepines acting on the benzodiazepine site on the GABAA receptor increase the opening frequency of the chloride ion channel. This explains why overdoses of barbiturates may be lethal whereas overdoses of benzodiazepines alone are typically not lethal. Another explanation is that barbiturates can activate GABA receptors in the absence of the GABA molecule, whereas benzodiazepines need GABA to be present to have an effect: this may explain the more widespread effects of barbiturates in the central nervous system. Barbiturates have anesthetic, sedative, anxiolytic, anticonvulsant and hypnotic properties. Barbiturates do not have analgesic effects. [4]
Further, barbiturates are relatively "promiscuous" ( i. e. non - selective ) compounds that bind to an entire superfamily of ligand - gated ion channels, of which the GABAA receptor channel is only one of several representatives. This superfamily of ion channels includes the neuronal nACHR channel, the 5HT3R channel, the GlyR channel and others. Surprisingly, while GABAA receptor currents are increased by barbiturates ( and other general anaesthetics ) , ligand - gated ion channels that are predominantly permeable for cationic ions are blocked by these compounds. For example, neuronal nACHR channels are blocked by clinically relevant anaesthetic concentrations of both thiopental and pentobarbital. [5] Such findings implicate ( non - GABA - ergic ) ligand - gated ion channels, e. g. the neuronal nAChR channel, in mediating some of the ( side ) effects of barbiturates. [6]
[edit]Uses
[edit]Anesthesia
Thiopental is an ultra - short - acting barbiturate and has been used commonly in the induction phase of general anesthesia. Its use in the United States and elsewhere has been largely replaced with that of propofol. Following intravenous injection the drug rapidly reaches the brain and causes unconsciousness within 30–45 seconds. At one minute, the drug attains a peak concentration of about 60% of the total dose in the brain. Thereafter, the drug distributes to the rest of the body and in about 5–10 minutes the concentration is low enough in the brain such that consciousness returns. [citation needed]
A normal dose of thiopental ( usually 4–6 mg/kg ) given to a pregnant woman for operative delivery ( caesarian section ) rapidly makes her unconscious, but the baby in her uterus remains conscious. However, larger or repeated doses can depress the baby. [citation needed]
Thiopental is not used to maintain anesthesia in surgical procedures because, in infusion, it displays zero - order elimination kinetics, leading to a lo . . .

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